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Tess of the D'urbervilles
1891 novel
by Thomas Hardy
Tess Durbeyfield is a young woman, and oldest daughter of poor Wessex merchants, Joan and John Durbeyfield.When her father is informed of his familial connection to an old,noble,and long-forgotten family by the name of D'urberville, he is overjoyed.There is a last section of the D'urberville family living in a manor in Tantridge.They urge their beautiful,innocent daughter Tess to go and "claim kin," not knowing that this family purchased the D'urberville title long ago.
At first, Tess is against the idea, but eventually agrees, wishing to make amends for accidentally killing her father's only horse.After her visit to her supposed relations in Tantridge, Tess is offered a job on the estate, which she accepts.While living at Tantridge, Tess is introduced to Alec D'urberville, the unruly son of the late Mr. D'urberville, and the blind, invalid Mrs D'urberville, who Tess works for.Tess wishes to make connections with this extended part of her family, but is wary of Alec's behavior towards her.She discovers that she has just cause, when Alec rapes Tess in the middle of the night.
Tess immediately returns to her home in Marlott, where she soon after discovers that she is with child.She gives birth to a child, whom she names Sorrow.Tess loves her child, yet hates his connection to Alec.Sorrow falls ill and dies in the middle of the night not long after he is born.Tess buries him in unconsecrated ground.She decides to leave this all behind her, as she takes a position as a dairy maid at Talbothay's.
In the rural valley where Talbothay's is situated, Tess begins to feel at home,as if she has a new chance at life.She befriends her fellow dairy maids, as well as one Angel Clare, the son of a reverend in Emminster, who is learning agriculture in hopes of owning his own land one day.Angel is equally captivated by the beautiful Tess Durbeyfield.Their friendship soon develops in to more, and Angel, believing Tess to be a saintly virgin, asks for her hand in marriage.Tess,who had previously said she would never marry, eventually accepts, knowing that she truly does love Angel too much to refuse him.
The newlywed couple is immensely happy until their wedding night.Angel confides in Tess that he is not spotless himself, having had an affair with a woman in London.Tess forgives him, and feels that he will surely understand that her virginity was forcefully taken from her.She tells him the truth, seeking forgiveness, but is shocked to find that Angel is mortified, and cannot forgive her, even though he still claims to love her.Angel immediately makes arrangements for Tess to go back to her parents home, while he goes to South America to establish himself as a farmer, the plan being to send for her once he is ready.
Tess, heartbroken, does as Angel desires and the two separate.At first, Tess sends him letters of love and support.Not knowing that Angel has fallen desparately ill, which is why he has not responded, she then writes a letter saying that she does not forgive him, and she never wishes to see him again.
Shortly after this time, Tess runs into Alec D'urberville again.At first she lashes out against him and tries to avoid him.Alec persists, however, professing his undying love for her.He eventually offers her some kind of "proof," which is never revealed, that Angel is never coming back to her.That, along with promises to provide for her poverty stricken family, persuades Tess to become his mistress.
Angel eventually recovers from his illness and rushes back to England to find Tess.He searches for quite some time, eventually finding her staying in a boarding house as a Mrs. D'urberville with Alec.Tess is shocked to see him again, and tells him it's too late, and to leave.Angel does as she wishes.Tess returns to Alec, furious with him for lying to her about Angel being gone forever.The two fight, and Tess stabs Alec and runs away to catch up with Angel.She confesses her sin to Angel, and the two flee from the law together, hoping to make it to a neutral country so that they can escape.
The police find them eventually, and take Tess into custody.Tess is willing to pay for her crime, and departs only after making angel promise to marry her younger sister Liza-Lu, and to try to love her as much as he loved Tess.In the end, Tess is put on trial and sentenced to death.

The story of Tess of the D'urbervilles is not exactly light-hearted, but is a passionate, heartbreaking love story, as well as a commentary on some of the social rules and religious views of the time.
You can find Tess of the D'urbervilles at any bookstore.
Also, if you're interested, BBC made it into a movie in 2008.
You can see the preview here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snhZ_flom1Q
OR you can begin watching the actual movie here, and follow consecutive links:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFLSYxx9Jvo
Born February 27, 1902
John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. was born in Salinas, California in February of 1902.His father was the county treasurer, while his mother was a school teacher.It was Steinbeck's mother, Olive, who instilled in him his passion for literature.John lived in the small town of Salinas until he graduated from highschool.He then relocated to Stanford in order to attend the university there.He invested very little time in furthering his education,however,and left without a degree.
In 1925, he moved to New York City, where he had high hopes of becoming a published author.He had no success for quite a while,and started taking up odd jobs to make ends meet.If it wasn't for his father, who later gave him a house and enough money to seriously focus on his writing career, Steinbeck would've had a much more difficult time.
John Steinbeck published his first successful novel,Tortilla Flat, in 1935.He went on to publish around 24 more highly successful novels.He was given many awards and honors, including the Nobel Peace Prize for literature.He passed away due to heart disease on December 20,1968.
One of Steinbeck's greatest works is
East of Eden
Published in 1952

The novel is set in Steinbeck's hometown-the Salinas Valley and uses real people,including some of Steinbeck's own family.It tells the story of Adam Trask.Adam lives with his father who became a widower while Adam was still in his infancy,due to Mrs. Trask's suicide.Adam's father remarries a much younger girl named Alice,who gives birth to Adam's younger half brother, Charles.Adam's father is a distant man,who never shows affection and is obsessed with the military.He raises his sons in a boot camp,of sorts.Adam is also at odds with his brother,Charles, who has violent tendancies.Charles dislikes Adam,because he feels that their father favors Adam more than him.One night,when the boys are teenagers, Charles goes on a rampage and tries to kill Adam.After beating Adam,Charles goes to look for a hatchet,and Adam hides until he can get back to the house.Seeking to separate the boys,Adam's father gets Adam to enlist in the military.
After serving in the military for several years, Adam begins to make his way back home,at Charles' request.He takes his time,and is picked up on vagrancy charges,but eventually he gets back to Massachusetts.Things are awkward between Adam and Charles,the latter trying to make up for lost time but still posessing a quick temper.Both Alice and Cyrus have passed away by this time.Cyrus Trask died a supposed war hero,a career which both of his sons believe he developed based on lies.So,there is a large sum of money to be split between Adam and Charles.They argue about the money,and neither of them touch it for a while.
One day,a battered,dying young woman crawls to their house for help.They give her a room in their house,and have a doctor treat her.She can't even speak for a long time due to a broken jaw,but when she can, she tells them that her name is Cathy.Adam,besotted, spends all of his time taking care of her, not knowing that she is a blackmailing murderer who killed her own family in cold blood.Cathy finds Adam to be a nuisance,but she's in no position to take care of herself,and she has no intention of telling him the truth.Adam asks Cathy to marry him,she accepts because she needs protection.Adam decides to move with his new wife to the Salinas Valley.Cathy quickly becomes pregnant with twins.Adam,overjoyed,goes about making plans and developing their new land,deaf to his wife's claims that she's leaving as soon as the babies are born.When she actually does give birth,Adam tries to convince her to stay,but she shoots him in the shoulder and walks away.
Adam raises his sons,Aaron and Caleb "Cal," with the help of his Chinese servant, Lee.He never tells them who their mother is.The story unfolds like that of Cain and Abel as the twins get older.Cal is always jealous of Aaron, who is a better person than him.The two become more distant as they grow up,with Cal purposely doing things to make Aaron angry and sad.When Cal discovers that his mother,now going by "Kate," is running a whore house in town, he brings Aaron to her brothel and shows him that she truly is their mother.Aaron,who is very religious,goes into shock and feels like he has lost all meaning and purpose.He enlists in the army and gets killed.Kate,who is always in pain due to arthritis among other things,also suffers from the aftermath of her meeting with her sons.She slowly goes insane and becomes paranoid.She poisons herself,believing to be inside the story of Alice and Wonderland as she dies.For a while, Adam has no idea where Aaron has gone,or that it was Cal who drove him to it.When he recieves the telegram saying that Aaron is dead,Adam has a stroke.He is bedridden for a long time,without any hope of recovery.
Cal feels extremely guilty about his brother and confesses to his father,asking Adam to forgive him.Adam simply says the word "Timshel" which means "thou mayest," insinuating that it is up to Cal to forgive himself if he wishes to feel happy.
Steinbeck's novel,East of Eden, was also made into a movie in 1955, starring James Dean.


Claudette Colbert
Born September 13, 1903
Died July 30, 1996
Claudette Colbert was originally born as one Emilie Claudette Chauchoin.She and her family lived in Saint-Mande, Seine, France until she was three years old.They officially emigrated to the United States in 1906.She acted for the first time in a school play, at the age of 15.Once she graduated from high school, Claudette began studying at The Art Students League of New York.She got her first taste of Broadway in 1923, having a role in The Wild Westcotts.
After that, Claudette signed a five year contract with Broadway producer Al Woods.Her excitement soon turned to frustration.Nobody would cast her as anything but small parts like a maid.She fought for her right to a more colorful role,which she finally got when she played a snake charmer in The Barker in 1927.She caught the audiences attention, and started snatching bigger roles after that.She also caught the eye of Leland Hayward, who set her up for her first film role: Frank Capra's For the Love of Mike, 1927.Not only was it Claudette's first film role, it was also her only silent film.
Even though the movie was unsuccessful, Paramount Pictures offered her a contract in 1928 that would allow her to remain in New York so that she could also continue her stage work.She accepted,although she wouldn't appear on Broadway for 20 years after 1929.Colbert's movies were very successful.She had a different look,with her dark hair, and large,dramatic eyes.Her ability to speak both English and her native French fluently also came into play with some of her films.
Producers also saw Claudette's ability to effortlessly play the part of a vixen,or femme fatale.She was frequently cast in such roles, and even though they further boosted her career,Claudette eventually came to regret being typecast as the femme fatale.
Colbert remained active and extremely successful on the big screen up until the 1950's.It was at that time that she started to travel around Europe more extensively, and started appearing in fewer movies.She also made many television appearances during the 1950's.Claudette finally closed the door on her film career in 1955, only appearing in a movie once more in 1961.From then on, she only acted occasionally, and only on the stage.
Claudette Colbert passed away in 1996 due to ill health following a series of strokes a couple of years earlier.
MOVIE OF THE MONTH
It Happened One Night
1934
Starring Claudette Colbert and Clark Gable
Ellie Andrews (Colbert) is the spoiled, only child of a wealthy bank owner.Wishing to make a statement that her father no longer controls her, she marries a fortune-hunter named King Wesley.Her father intrudes and takes her away before their marriage can be consummated.Ellie,furious,runs away from her father.She decides to try to make it back to New York from Miami so that she and King can be together.
Sounds like an easy plan,but the minute she goes missing, Ellie's father notifies the papers,and uses his title and his money to advertise his dilemma.He has half the country out looking for his daughter, and offers a prize to whoever brings her home.Ellie dodges her father's forces, and manages to make it onto a night bus to New York alongside (among others) a reporter named
Peter Warne (Gable).The two instantly butt heads.Much to both parties chagrin, Peter ends up helping Ellie after she loses her ticket to the bus while they're stopped for breakfast.Peter learns her true identity, and offers to help her make it to New York as long as she'll give him an exclusive story on her desparate bid for freedom.Desparately short on money,Ellie agrees.
Ellie quickly begins to lose her disdain for Peter,but he doesn't seem interested in her at all.The two of them slowly (after having to abandon the bus for the sake of Ellie's identity) make it to New York,with much arguing, and sarcasm along the way.Peter finally realizes that he has feelings for Ellie,but knows that this was a business deal.When they finally reach New York,after having a final disagreement, they go their separate ways.Ellie is reunited with her father and King Wesley.
Mr. Andrews finally agrees to let Ellie be with King, as long as they hold a real ceremony to make it official.He doesn't believe that his daughter will be happy with King,though,and tries to dissuade her from her decision.Peter comes to see Mr. Andrews but doesn't want the promised reward,but only a few dollars to cover the expenses of getting Ellie to New York.He admits to Mr. Andrews that he's in love with Ellie,but knows that Ellie is marrying King,so leaves.Mr. Andrews tries harder than ever to convince Ellie not to marry King,but Ellie remains firm up until the moment of "I do," when she just can't say the words.She runs away from King, and the movie ends with Ellie and Peter getting married and embarking on their honeymoon.
Officially dubbed a "screwball comedy," It Happened One Night is absolutely worth seeing.It's full of sarcasm,comedy, and romance.
It comes on TCM as a part of Claudette Colbert's day TOMORROW, AUGUST 12 at 11:30 pm.
And you can also watch a selection of 10 other Claudette Colbert films, playing all day tomorrow on TCM.